Compounds & Therapies
Cabergoline: A Practical Guide
Overview Cabergoline (Dostinex®) is a long-acting, highly selective dopamine D2 and D3 receptor agonist derived from ergot alkaloids. It is FDA-approved for treatment of hyperprolactinemia — excess prolactin production, which suppresses the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis, causing…
Estradiol (17β-Estradiol): A Practical Guide
Overview Estradiol (17β-estradiol, E2) is the primary and most potent endogenous estrogen in humans. It is a steroid hormone synthesized predominantly in the ovaries (in premenopausal women), the testes (in small amounts in men), the adrenal glands, adipose tissue, bone, brain, and vascular…
Growth Hormone (Human Growth Hormone, HGH): A Practical Guide
Overview Human growth hormone (hGH, somatotropin) is a 191-amino acid polypeptide hormone synthesized and secreted by somatotroph cells in the anterior pituitary gland. Secretion is pulsatile — occurring primarily during slow-wave sleep and in response to exercise, hypoglycemia, and fasting …
Growth Hormone Secretagogues (Sermorelin, CJC-1295, Ipamorelin, GHRP Class): A Practical Guide
Overview Growth hormone secretagogues (GHS) are a class of compounds that stimulate endogenous growth hormone release from the anterior pituitary, in contrast to exogenous recombinant hGH (rhGH), which bypasses the pituitary entirely. They act through two distinct receptor pathways: GHRH…
Progesterone (Micronized): A Practical Guide
Overview Progesterone is a C21 steroid hormone produced primarily by the corpus luteum after ovulation in premenopausal women, by the placenta during pregnancy, and in smaller amounts by the adrenal glands and brain (where it functions as a neurosteroid). In men, progesterone is produced by…