Overview Pycnogenol is a patented, standardized extract from the bark of the French maritime pine (Pinus pinaster), manufactured by Horphag Research. It is a complex mixture of procyanidins (oligomeric proanthocyanidins), catechins, phenolic acids (ferulic acid, caffeic acid), and taxifolin.
In the full monograph
- What it is, and how it works
- What the evidence shows — randomized trials, observational data, animal studies, graded and cited
- Dose, form, and timing
- What to expect, and how soon
- Who should be careful, and what to check first
- The verdict
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